Sigmund Freud – Personality Pedagogy

Sigmund Freud by Max Halberstadt (1921). “Sigmund Freud LIFE” by Max Halberstadt – http://politiken.dk/kultur/boger/faglitteratur_boger/ECE1851485/psykoanalysen-har-stadig-noget-at-sige-i-noejagtigt-betitlet-bog/. Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons

Annotated Links

1939: Sigmund Freud, Psychoanalyst, Dies Refugee in England at 83 Sigmund Freud, originator of psychoanalysis and considered by many as the greatest single influence on the thought of the twentieth century, died at his home in Hampstead, England, early yesterday morning at the age of eighty-three. A reprint of the original 1939 obituary from the International Herald Tribune, September 23, 2014.

American Psychoanalytic Association Teaching Resources The American Psychoanalytic Association believes that the future of psychoanalytic thought depends on engaging undergraduate college students in psychoanalytic ideas. This website contains curricula, syllabi, ideas, and resources for instructors who are introducing their students to psychoanalytic theory.

Seven Challenges of Psychotherapy Psych Central presents these seven challenges, side-effects, or downsides of psychotherapy including, finding the right therapist, it’s only 50 minutes a week, therapists leave, therapy ends and more.

Consumerism: Psychoanalysis shapes consumer culture: Or how Sigmund Freud, his nephew and a box of cigars forever changed American marketing.Women sporting cigarettes as a symbol of female empowerment and the ubiquitous bacon-and-egg breakfast were two public relations campaigns inspired by Freudian ideas. The link between theory and practice was Edward L. Bernays, the acknowledged father of public relations and nephew of Sigmund Freud, according to this article from the APA Monitor by Lisa Held, December 2009, 40(11), 32.

Critical Overview Excellent overview of Freud’s life, theory, therapy, and references, including a critical look at the claim to scientific status of his theory and the efficacy of psychoanalytic therapy.

Defense Mechanisms Lecture Notes by Chris VerWys, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.

A Dream Interpretation: Tuneups for the Brain. A new theory suggests that dreams are a warm-up for the day ahead. In a paper published last month in the journal Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Dr. J. Allan Hobson, a psychiatrist and longtime sleep researcher at Harvard, argues that the main function of rapid-eye-movement sleep, or REM, when most dreaming occurs, is physiological. Read all about his research in this New York Times article by Benedict Carey, from November 10, 2009.

Dreams What are dreams? Psychologists and brain scientists have new answers to an age-old question in this 2009 NOVA program. Check out the website for background information including program transcript, background research on sleep and memory, ask-the-expert, and practical tips—on sleep, sleep disorders, and dreaming.

Efficacy of Talk Therapy The New York Times summarizes the results of a landmark study “A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy for Panic Disorder” by New York analysts Barbara Milrod and colleagues (2007) in the American Journal of Psychiatry (Volume 164, pages 265-272) testing the efficacy of talk therapy.

e-Textbook From the electronic textbook created for undergraduate and graduate courses in Personality Theories by George Boeree of Shippensburg University.

First Mention: Sigmund Freud, 1909 From the website: Sigmund Freud visited the United States only once, in 1909, to give a series of lectures. The New York Times found nothing about the visit worth mentioning except his departure. Prof. Sigmund Freud appears on Page 9 on Sept. 21, along with Dr. C. G. Jung, in a list of passengers sailing to Bremen, Germany, aboard the Kaiser Wilhelm Der Grosse. It was the first time the newspaper mentioned his name […] A search of The Times database from the early 1920s until Freud’s death yields nearly 300 references to him and almost 1,000 to psychoanalysis.

Freud’s Couch Now on display in the Freud Museum in London, this is an excellent photo of his famous couch.

Freud’s Not Dead; He’s Just Really Hard to Find While traditional psychoanalysis does not qualify as an evidence-based treatment, this does not mean that Freud is dead according to Susan Krauss Whitbourne, forPsychology Today, May 2012.

Freud’s Theory of Unconscious Conflict Linked to Anxiety Symptoms An experiment that Sigmund Freud could never have imagined 100 years ago may help lend scientific support for one of his key theories, and help connect it with current neuroscience . . . A link between unconscious conflicts and conscious anxiety disorder symptoms have been shown, lending empirical support to psychoanalysis according to research by Shevrin and colleagues summarized here in ScienceDaily, June 16, 2012.

The Freud File An overview of Freud’s work, his impact on other theorists, the psychoanalytic movement, psychoanalytic techniques, pictures, quotes, biography and links.

Freudian Slips. Check out this page of examples from high school and college-level psychology teachers.

The Freud Museum in London This museum in Freud’s former house in London, where he spent his later years, provides a wealth of online resources including information about the museum, educational programs, document catalog, and what may well be the web’s most extensive on-line picture library about Freud.

The Freud Page An extensive web site dedicated to Sigmund Freud. Includes bibliography, glossary, quotes, links to videos, photos, portraits and the ability to create your own electronic Freudian e-cards

A Glossary of Freudian Terminology Doug Davis, Haverford College, shares these notes from his Foundations of Personality class.

How to Find Help Through Seeing a Psychologist From the website: Millions of Americans have found relief from depression and other emotional difficulties through seeing a psychologist. Even so, some people find it hard to get started or stay in therapy. This brief question-and-answer guide provides some basic information to help individuals take advantage of outpatient (non-hospital) therapy. This page describes what psychotherapy is, how to find a psychologist, what questions to ask, how to pay for therapy, credentials to look for, how to know if therapy is working and more.

The Hidden Messages in Children’s Books Adults often find surprising subtexts in children’s literature – but are they really there? Hephzibah Anderson delves into the world of Freud and fairy tales in this piece for the BBC. Published March 19, 2014.

Incest: You Are Sexually Attracted to Your Parents And Yourself According to research in the by R. Chris Fraley and Michael J. Marks, Westermarck, Freud, and the Incest Taboo: Does Familial Resemblance Activate Sexual Attraction? Published online in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin July 20, 2010, and summarized here People appear to be drawn to others who resembler their kin or themselves. The summary reports that All three experiments support the Freudian idea that we have subconscious mechanisms that make us attracted to features that remind us of our own, and that cultural taboos against incest exist to override that primitive drive.

Introduction to Psychoanalysis Literature professor Dino Felluga, at Perdue University, compiled this site as an introduction to psychoanalysis. Includes an overview, extensive alphabetical list of terms and concepts, applications, and lesson plans.

Lecture Doug Davis, Haverford College, shares his lectures on Freud, Jung, Erikson, and more from his Foundations of Personality class.

Lecture Notes by Chris VerWys, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.

Lesson Plan: Psychoanalysis and Psychodynamic Psychology The APA Teaching of Psychology in the Secondary Schools (TOPSS) has created this 6-day lesson plan on Psychoanalysis and Psychodynamic Psychology. The lesson plan covers the basics of psychoanalysis and contemporary theorists (e.g. Jung, Klein) and includes activities such as develop a dream chart, defense mechanisms quiz, projective tests, online references and much more. Note that a limited number of hard copies will be available in a couple of weeks by sending a request to education@apa.org. (You must be a member or affiliate member of APA or TOPSS to download these lesson plans).

Lesson Plan: The Interpretation of Dreams Discovery Education, a division of Discovery Communications, provides a Lesson Plans Library of hundreds of original lesson plans written by teachers for teachers for elementary, middle, and high school students. Some lesson plans include suggestions for adaptations for older or younger audiences. Borrow them as-is or use them to spark your own lesson plans. In this lesson on Freud’s Interpretation of Dreams, students will understand that Freud argued that our dreams contain clues to our hopes, fears, and fantasies and that Freud claimed that developments in our childhood affect the way we act and the kinds of dreams we have.

Mother-Son Relationship Key to Emotional Development Children, especially boys, who have insecure attachments to their mothers in the early years have more behaviour problems later in childhood, according to research by Pasco Fearon and summarized in Science Daily, March 29, 2010.

My Life In Therapy Writer Daphne Merkin, who struggles with chronic depression, describes her experiences with psychotherapy which started when she was 10 years old.

Sigmund Freud Obituary. Dr. Sigmund Freud, originator of the theory of psychoanalysis, died shortly before midnight tonight at his son’s home in Hampstead at the age of 83. From The New York Times, September 24, 1939.

Sigmund Freud Overview The National Museum of Science and Industry, in the UK, sponsors this amazing website on Making the Modern World, which includes learning modules on all sorts of topics. One in particular, on Measuring the Unmeasurable, aims to take the user through various aspects of psychiatry and the study of mental illness. It looks at the treatment, diagnosis and methods used in psychiatry as well as the investigation of mental illness from a historical and socio-cultural perspective. This module includes 4 pages on Sigmund Freud: Freud and Psychoanalysis, Freud’s concept of the Personality, Freud’s theory of psychosexual development, and Freudian Techniques of psychoanalysis. The module on Psychoanalysis includes online activities on dream analysis, the Word Association Test, and Ink Blot Generator.

Paging Dr. Froid Anderegg, D. (2004), Paging Dr. Froid: Teaching psychoanalytic theory to undergraduates. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 21(2), 214-221. From the abstract: …not to deemphasize Freud but to embrace the parts of Freud’s work that are revolutionary, creative, witty, and entertaining. Historical context can help students identify with the young, iconoclastic Freud and therefore increase their openness to Freudian ideas. Examples of teaching practices and students’ responses are provided.

Projection, Fear, and Sex: An Evolutionary Psychology Explanation of a Freudian Phenomenon This Cognitive Daily science blog summarizes research by Maner et al. (2005) on functional projection to test Freudian theory. We do project our emotions onto others, as Freud posited, but we do for more functional — rather than motivational — reasons.

Psychlotron.org Psychlotron.org.uk is a website of teaching resources for teachers and lecturers. Though aimed at those teaching introductory psychology in the British system, there are many free resources here applicable to those teaching personality psychology including this unit on Freud and Personality.

Psychoanalysis, American Style Psychologist and history of psychology expert Ludy T. Benjamin, Jr. explains the significance of Sigmund Freud’s first visit to America 100 years ago in this article written for the APAMonitor on Psychology, Volume 40(8), September 2009.

Psychologists discover we’ve been underestimating the unconscious mind Neurologists and cognitive psychologists once believed that we need awareness for integration of stimuli into a coherent whole. However,integration can happen even when we’re unaware of the stimulus […] Unconscious processes are much more sophisticated and deeper than was previously believed according to research by Liad Mudrik, Dominique Lamy, Assaf Breska, and Leon Y. Deouell published in Psychological Science and summarized here in Medical Xpress, May 12, 2011.

Urn containing Sigmund Freud’s ashes smashed during theft attempt Staff at the crematorium in Golders Green discovered broken pieces of the urn, which dates from around 300BC and came from Freud’s collection of antiquities, lying on the floor on New Year’s Day, after thieves apparently broke in overnight and smashed it in the attempt to steal it. The severely damaged urn was subsequently moved to a secure location according to staff at the crematorium. From The Guardian, January 15, 2014.

When is it Time to Consider Psychotherapy? This sensitive list of nine reasons to get psychotherapy helps visitors recognize when they need help with their problems. Written by Karen Rogers, MFCC, Former Clinical Director of the Marina Counseling Center and a therapist with over 20 years in private practice in San Francisco.

Quotes by Sigmund Freud. Check out this fun page including classic quotes (with their sources) as well as some misattributed quotes of Freud.

Return of the Repressed: Is a Mysterious Outbreak of Mass Hysteria Proving Freud Right? Stephen A. Diamond wonders if recent cases of mass hysteria may be due to the impressive power of the unconscious reasserting itself in an anti-psychodynamic, pharmacologically-indoctrinated climate. From Psychology Today, February 2012.

Saturday Night Live Skit Anna and Sigmund Freud — and Freudian symbolism in dreams — are illustrated in this transcript of a SNL skit which featured Laraine Newman as Anna and Dan Aykroyd as Sigmund (an audio recording of the skit is available on the 1991 album Saturday Night Live.

Science Odyssey A very brief overview of Sigmund Freud’s life and major ideas from the PBS show Science Odyssey: People and Discoveries.

Seduction Theory An overview of Freud’s seduction theory and online debate of its veracity.

Seduction Theory: Traumatic Seduction in Historical Context A draft of this paper was originally published as: Davis, D.A. (1994). A Theory for the 90s: Freud’s Seduction Theory in Historical Context. Psychoanalytic Review, 81(4), 627-640.

The Sigmund Freud Archives The archive contains approximately 45,000 items including essays, personal papers, correspondence, memorabilia, and photos, much of which is available for viewing on line. Also includes a pictorial chronology of Freud’s life.

Sigmund Freud: Conflict and Culture The Library of Congress put together an exhibition, presented online here, on Freud’s life, work and impact on modern culture. Throughout the exhibition words and image–often contentious, sometimes humorous–attest to the impact of Freud’s ideas on the twentieth century.

Sigmund Freud Museum in Vienna Berggasse 19, the Vienna home of the Freud family is now a museum and research archive. Click on Sigmund Freud Online to find a chronology of Freud’s life, a room-by-room description of the museum, an summary of important themes (including the work of Anna Freud) and a media library, with audio and video of Freud suitable for downloading or streaming.

Three Facts You Might Not Know About Freud and His Cocaine Addiction Writer Margarita Tartakovsky for World of Psychology presents these three little-known facts about Freud’s cocaine addiction from Howard Markel’s book An Anatomy of Addiction: Sigmund Freud, William Halsted and the Miracle Drug Cocaine.

Therapeutic Analysis of Dreams — A Cognitive-Behavioral Approach Richard Kensinger, of Brain Blogger describes how he uses a cognitive-behavioral approach to conduct dream analyses with patients. In this article he describes the technique and presents the dream and analysis of a college student subject.

Time 100 Time Magazine lists Sigmund Freud as one of the 100 most influential people of the 20th century. A good overview of Freud’s life and influence written by his biographer Peter Gay.

What Freud Got Right: Evidence from Neurologists Evidence from the field of neuropsychoanalysis suggests that Freud’s concepts such as drive, libido, and unconscious “are consonant with the most advanced contemporary neuroscience views,” according to neurologist Antonio Damasio”. Read all about it in this article “What Freud Got Right: His Theories, Long Discredited, Are Finding Support From Neurologists Using Modern Brain Imaging” by Fred Guter from the November 11, 2002 issue of Newsweek.

Assignments, Exercises, and Activities

Childhood Memories As part of the Teaching Clinical Psychology webpage, John Suler, Rider University, includes this exercise on memories. Students reflect on one or two early childhood memories and answer questions.

Dream Analysis Worksheet by Chris VerWys, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute See also the Dream Analysis Survey Results.

Two Interactive Exercises for the Personality Psychology Course: Defense Mechanisms Randall E. Osborne, Indiana University East, first presented these two interactive exercises for the personality psychology course at the 9th Annual Conference on Undergraduate Teaching of Psychology: Ideas and Innovations, in 1995. In the second exercise, What’s my Defense Mechanism?, students must guess the defense mechanism depicted in a brief skit presented by their classmates. (In the first exercise, the Personality Collage, students and someone who knows them well each create a collage of the student’s personality. Students compare and contrast the two collages by answering various questions and come to understand the differences between self-view and other’s view of themselves.) Opens in PDF format.

Defense Mechanisms John Suler, Rider University, maintains the excellent Teaching Clinical Psychology website. For learning about defense mechanisms, he offers a handout [which] I give to students that we use to discuss some of the typical defense mechanisms. After the discussion, I break the students down into small groups so that can develop role plays that demonstrate these defenses. Instructions for these role plays are described at the end of the handout.

Interpretation of Dreams Discovery School presents this unit on Freudian dream analysis for high school students.

Online Activities: Dream analysis, Word Association, Ink Blot Generator The National Museum of Science and Industry, in the UK, sponsors this amazing website on Making the Modern World, which includes learning modules on all sorts of topics. One in particular, on Measuring the Unmeasurable, aims to take the user through various aspects of psychiatry and the study of mental illness. It looks at the treatment, diagnosis and methods used in psychiatry as well as the investigation of mental illness from a historical and socio-cultural perspective. This module includes 4 pages on Sigmund Freud: Freud and Psychoanalysis, Freud’s concept of the Personality, Freud’s theory of psychosexual development, and Freudian Techniques of psychoanalysis. The module on Psychoanalysis includes online activities on dream analysis, the Word Association Test, and Ink Blot Generator.

That’s My Theory! Sigmund Freud and two other personality psychologists are guests on this online game show developed by PBS. Can you discover the who the real Sigmund Freud is though the answers he gives? Can you guess who the other two guests are?

Wrestling with Sigmund Freud ‘Ya gotta see it to believe it.

G. Stanley Hall, Sigmund Freud, and Carl Jung in front of Clark University, 1909. Hall Freud Jung in front of Clark 1909 by Unknown – Jung’s First Visit to America. Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons

Case Studies

DreamBank Welcome to The DreamBank, a collection of over 16,000 dream reports in English (and another 6,000 in German). The reports come from a variety of different sources and research studies, from people ages 7 to 74. They can be analyzed using the search engine and statistical programs built into this site. Based on the research of Adam Schneider and G. William Domhoff Psychology Department, at UC Santa Cruz. Includes transcriptions of the dream journals of real people including Freud and Jung and others here.

Freud: The Case of Herr E Doug Davis of Haverford College, reconstructed this case study from Freud’s Correspondence with Wilhelm Fleiss. Filled with self-analysis and counter-transference, the case reveals as much about Freud himself as about Herr E.

Freud: The Case of Little Hans Mark Holah posts a brief synopsis of this classic case study in which Freud aims to cure a 5-year old boy of his phobia of horses. The case is a good example of the Oedipus complex and development during the Phallic Stage.

Case Study: Little Hans BBC radio host Claudia Hammond presents a series on case studies that have made a significant contribution to psychological research. In this episode, which originally aired May 28 2008, she describes background and new findings related to the case of Little Hans, a.k.a. Herbert, the child of Freud’s colleague Max Graff. Information recently released from the Freud Archive suggests that problems in the Graff family — rather than an Oedipus Complex — could explain Hans’ fear of horses. Includes a discussion of the implications for therapy with children today. (29 minutes; listen on line).

Sigmund Freud, late 1930s. Sigmund Freud Anciano by David Webb from Alicante, Spain – Sigmund FreudUploaded by Viejo sabio. Licensed under CC BY 2.0 via Wikimedia Commons

Electronic Texts

The Anatomy of the Mental Personality From LECTURE XXXI (1932). Source: New Introductory Lectures on Psycho-analysis (1933), originally published by Hogarth Press. Includes Freud’s original drawing of the id, ego, and superego.

Civilization and Its Discontents (excerpt) A brief excerpt translated by Joan Riviere.

Dream Psychology. Available to download from Project Guttenberg. Search the catalog for “Freud” in authors.

The History of the Psychoanalytic Movement German original first published in the Jahrbuch der Psychoanalyse, 4. English translation by A. A. Brill in 1917. Translation first published in 1914 in the Nervous and Mental Disease Monograph Series (No. 25). New York: Nervous and Mental Disease Pub. Co.

The Interpretation of Dreams Click on “Research” in the left column then choose “Non-Fiction” then “Sigmund Freud” to find this complete translation online.

The Interpretation of Dreams Complete table of contents with much of the text available online.

The Interpretation of Dreams Originally written in 1900, translated by A. A. Brill in 1913. Originally published in New York by Macmillan.

Origin and Development of Psychoanalysis Based on Freud’s lectures at Clark University these represent the introduction of psychoanalysis to North America. Originally published in 1910 in the American Journal of Psychology, 21, 181-218.

Outline of Psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud’s final outline of psychoanalysis selected and annotated by Andrew Roberts from Middlesex University.

A Philosophy of Life Lecture XXXV from New Introductory Lectures on Psycho-analysis (1933) originally published by Hogarth Press.

Psychoanalysis for Beginners Available to download from Project Guttenberg. Search the catalog for “Freud” in authors.

The Psychopathology of Everyday Life First published in 1901, translation by A. A. Brill in 1914. Originally published in London by T. Fisher Unwin.

The Structure of the Unconscious Short excerpt describing the conscious, preconscious and unconscious and the id, ego, and superego. From An Outline of Psychoanalysis 1940, translated by James Strachey. N.Y.: Norton, and from New Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis published in 1933, translated by W. J. H. Sprott. N.Y.: Norton.

Thoughts for the Times on War and Death Written in 1915.

Three Contributions to the Theory of Sex Available to download from Project Guttenberg. Search the catalog for “Freud” in authors.

Was Freud Wrong? Are Dreams the Brain’s Start-Up Test? Measurements taken from sleeping people explain, at least in part, why dreams tend to have such bizarre but vivid story lines. The findings deal a blow to the Freudian interpretation of dreams but leave open the possibility that some useful personal meaning can be extracted from them. The main purpose of dreams, however, the authors of the new study believe, is to test whether the brain has had enough sleep and, if so, to wake it up. according to this article by Nicholas Wade in The New York Times.

A Young Girl’s Diary English translation of: Tagebuch eines halbwüchsigen Mädchens. Available to download from Project Guttenberg. Search the catalog for “Freud” in authors.

Sigmund Freud’s graph with second topography (Id, Ego and Super-Ego), published in 1933 in his Neue Folge der Vorlesungen zur Einführung in die Psychoanalyse, Kapitel 31 (New Introductury Lectures on Psycho-Analysis, chapter 31). Image in the public domain via Wikimedia Commons

Examples and Illustrations

Freudian Personality Types Test This 48-item test purports to measure the classic Freudian adult personality types of oral receptive, oral aggressive, anal expulsive, anal retentive, phallic aggressive, phallic compensative, classic hysteric, and retentive hysteric. Though little information is given about the test’s validity and reliability, the questions and results do illustrate Freud’s idea and make spark class discussion.

Freudian Slips Add your own examples to this list of our favorite Freudian slips.

Bless You Hawkeye Jill Payne, George Mason University via the PsychTeach discussion list, suggested that the episode of the TV series M*A*S*H titled Bless You Hawkeye (1981) “nicely illustrates some Freudian constructs. The tone of the episode is serious–not derisive–and emotional as well.” In this episode (Season 9, Episode 17), Hawkeye develops a sneeze, which cannot be explained by an allergy or other medical condition. Eventually, the psychiatrist, recurring character Sidney Freedman, is brought in to talk to him and they discover the root of his problem lies in an event from childhood triggered by a specific smell. The episode illustrates Freudian concepts such as reaction formation, psychosomatic symptoms, importance of childhood memories, slips of the tongue, repressed memory, stream of consciousness, and talk therapy. The entire episode runs about 24 minutes, but you could cut the first two scenes (before the Psychiatrist interviews Hawkeye) and the final scene (the Poker game) if time is an issue. If the link above does not work for you, try searching for it elsewhere on the Internet. See a synopsis of the episode here.

Defense Mechanism Manual The Defense Mechanism Manual was developed by Phoebe Cramer and her colleagues ”to assess the use of three defenses—denial, projection, and identification—as revealed in stories told to standard TAT and CAT cards”. The Manual describes the scoring criteria and gives examples based on 3 standard TAT cards.

Dream Analysis Doug Davis, Haverford College, shares these notes from his Foundations of Personality class. These teaching notes on The Interpretation of Dreams, describe in some detail Irma’s dream from Chapter 2.

How to Memorize Freud’s Stages of Psychosexual Development From the site: Need to memorize Freud’s stages of psychosexual development for a test? Here’s a mnemonic that should do the trick. In this brief video, the founder of psychoanalysis gives you a mnemonic and explains the 5 stages for you. What do orangutans and ogres have to do with Freud’s stages? They’ll help you remember them, that’s what. Find out how in this episode of The Psych Files, Episode 202, September 7, 2013. (runs 4 minutes, 43 seconds).

Freud (aged 16) and his beloved mother, Amalia, in 1872. AmaliaFreud by op unknown – http://people.jmoro.ru/Freud/freud.html. Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons

Lectures and Lecture Notes

Freudian dream Analysis Lecture Notes by Chris VerWys, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.

Lecture by Paul Bloom Yale University now has many courses available in video, audio, and written form as part of their Open Yale program. Includes reading assignments and class notes. Listen to this lecture on Sigmund Freud from Paul Bloom’s Introduction to Psychology course from the Spring of 2007. “This lecture introduces students to the theories of Sigmund Freud, including a brief biographical description and his contributions to the field of psychology. The limitations of his theories of psychoanalysis are covered in detail, as well as the ways in which his conception of the unconscious mind still operate in mainstream psychology today.”

Lecture Notes of Sigmund Freud and Psychoanalysis by Michael T. Hynan, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.

Slide Presentations

Slide Presentation Lecture and lecture notes by Sandra K. Webster, Westminster College.

Tests, Measures, and Scales

Defense Mechanism Manual According to researcher Phebe Cramer: The Defense Mechanism Manual was developed to assess the use of three defenses—denial, projection, and identification—as revealed in stories told to standard TAT and CAT cards. Opens in PDF format.

Rorschach Ink Blots From Wikimedia Commons, a media file repository: The Rorschach inkblot test is a method of psychological evaluation. It is a projective test associated with the Freudian school of thought. Psychologists use this test to try to probe the unconscious minds of their patients. Check out the complete set of cards reproduced here. Scoring and interpretation not included.

Herman Rorschach’s 129 Birthday Google Doodle On November 8, 2013, Google honored Swiss psychologist Hermann Rorschach with a shape-changing doodle reminiscent of the famous personality test with his name (and controversial validity and reliability).

Thematic Apperception Test While this blogger suggests that we use these images for a writing assignment, astute visitors will recognize these as 7 cards from the original Thematic Apperception Test by Henry A. Murray and Christiana D. Morgan.

Multimedia Resources

Biography of Sigmund Freud. Biography, in its series on historical figures, produced this documentary on Sigmund Freud. The parts cover his life and his work in chronological order. Part 1 (10 minutes), Part 2 (9 minutes, 57 seconds), Part 3 (10 minutes, 01 second), Part 4 (9 minutes, 53 seconds), and Part 5 (4 minutes, 2 seconds).

Bless You Hawkeye Jill Payne, George Mason University via the PsychTeach discussion list, suggested that the episode of the TV series M*A*S*H titled “Bless You Hawkeye” (1981) “nicely illustrates some Freudian constructs. The tone of the episode is serious–not derisive–and emotional as well.” In this episode (Season 9, Episode 17), Hawkeye develops a sneeze, which cannot be explained by an allergy or other medical condition. Eventually, the psychiatrist, recurring character Sidney Freedman, is brought in to talk to him and they discover the root of his problem lies in an event from childhood triggered by a specific smell. The episode illustrates Freudian concepts such as reaction formation, psychosomatic symptoms, importance of childhood memories, slips of the tongue, repressed memory, stream of consciousness, and talk therapy. The entire episode runs about 24 minutes, but you could cut the first two scenes (before the Psychiatrist interviews Hawkeye) and the final scene (the Poker game) if time is an issue. If the link above does not work for you, try searching for it elsewhere on the Internet. See a synopsis of the episode here.

Century of the Self Adam Curtis’ acclaimed series examines the rise of the all-consuming self against the backdrop of the Freud dynasty, [including] Sigmund Freud, founder of psychoanalysis; Edward Bernays, who invented public relations; Anna Freud, Sigmund’s devoted daughter; and present-day PR guru and Sigmund’s great grandson, Matthew Freud. The series consists of 4 parts, each about 1 hour long: Episode One: Happiness Machines, Episode Two: The Engineering of Consent, Episode Three: There is a Policeman Inside All Our Head: He Must Be Destroyed and Episode Four: Eight People Sipping Wine in Kettering.

Clips for Class From the website: We launched an extensive search for videos on the internet that could be used both in class and by students at home. The videos range from news clips, to popular television shows, to student projects, and represent many psychological fields of study. This collection of creative videos for all areas of psychology includes these notable ones on personality: individualism vs. collectivism, psychosexual stages explained in the spirit of High School Musical, Self-Efficacy Theory (a la Masterpiece Theatre), a clip from the MTV show room raiders to illustrate the Five Factor model, and others.

In Defense of Defense Mechanisms Michael Brit, former professor of psychology, broadcasts a podcast about psychology called The Psych Files. This show (Episode 5) is subtitled “Don’t Throw Freud out with the Bathwater”. According to Brit: “Too many people dismiss Freud just because he, admittedly, had a few crazy ideas (”penis envy” for example), but as I try to point out in this podcast, many of Freud’s ideas were very influential and can, with a little attention, be seen in everyday life.” The website also features an overview of the defense mechanisms with examples.

Dream Conference Shrink Rap Radio: A Psychology talk and Interview Show (Podcast; Show #98, July 4, 2007). In this Podcast Dr. Dave, a.k.a. David Van Nuys, Emeritus Professor of Psychology at Sonoma State University, interviews fascinating personalities in and around the broad field of psychology and gives you All the psychology you need to know and just enough to make you dangerous. Each episode often includes recommendations for background reading. In this episode, Dr. Dave interviews a variety of presenters and participants at the 24th International Association for The Study of Dreams conference held at Sonoma State Universiy, California June 29 – July 3, 2007. This is a remarkable organization inasmuch as it welcomes academic researchers, therapists of all stripes, and other dreamwork practitioners under the same tent.

False Memories? Don’t Forget The Scientific American Frontiers program has an episode titled Don’t Forget that includes a segment on false memories (When Memories Lie with researcher Elizabeth Loftus). You’ve always loved pizza, right? Wait, are you sure about that? If anyone can convince you that you don’t like pizza, Elizabeth Loftus of the University of California, Irvine can. Loftus is an expert on false memories. Originally broadcast, May 11th, 2004. Available for online streaming. Includes activities and teaching resources.

False Memories? True or False? In this episode of Scientific American Frontiers Recalling a happy memory seems like popping a favorite movie in the VCR, but Harvard’s Dan Schacter shows Alan Alda that human memories are much less dependable than videotape. Originally broadcast, November 21st, 2004. Available for online streamming. Includes activities and teaching resources.

The Freud/Jung Letters Shrink Rap Radio: A Psychology talk and Interview Show (Podcast; Show #97, June 22, 2007). In this episode, Dr. Dave talks with Freud scholar Dr. Douglas A. Davis, about a book chapter he wrote on the letters between Freud and Jung.

Freud, Projective Tests and …. Poetry Psychology teacher Michael Britt created an episode for his podcast, The Psych Files all about projection (Episode 107): How do the Rorschach, the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) and the House, Tree, Person tests work? Do you reveal something about yourself when you tell stories about pictures or tell what you see in an inkblot or even when you do something as seemingly innocent as drawing a picture of a house? In this episode I try to answer these questions as well as show you how a wonderful poem called How It Will End by Denise Duhamel could be an excellent example of psychology in everyday life.

Happy Birthday, Dr. Freud Shrink Rap Radio: A Psychology talk and Interview Show (Podcast; Show #42, July 20, 2006) On the occasion of Sigmund Freud’s 150th anniversary year, Dr. Dave interviews Dr. Douglas A. Davis, who recently retired from full-time teaching at Haverford College in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania where he was professor of psychology and for many years department chair. Among his many interests, Doug is a Freud scholar and he’s also one of the most interesting conversationalists it’s ever been my pleasure to know.

How to Memorize Freud’s Stages of Psychosexual Development From the site: Need to memorize Freud’s stages of psychosexual development for a test? Here’s a mnemonic that should do the trick. In this brief video, the founder of psychoanalysis gives you a mnemonic and explains the 5 stages for you. What do orangutans and ogres have to do with Freud’s stages? They’ll help you remember them, that’s what. Find out how in this video episode of The Psych Files podcast, Episode 202, September 7, 2013. (runs 4 minutes, 43 seconds).

If Freud Worked Tech Support Michael Brit, former professor of psychology, produces a podcast about psychology called The Psych Files. In this episode (Episode 224) he presents a humorous way to learn about the Freudian defense mechanisms (actually elaborated by Anna Freud) of Displacement, Denial, Sublimation, Reaction Formation, and Projection. A little dream analysis thrown in. Who knows? Maybe Freud would have been good at tech support (runs 4 minutes, and 8 seconds).

Psych Elves Michael Britt, of the Psych Files Podcast, had the temerity to turn these three personality psychologists into Elves. Can you identify them?

Psychology’s Most Famous Elves Michael Britt, of The Psych Files podcast, did it again. He turned these 8 famous psychologists — among them Sigmund Freud and Anna Freud — into Elves (with a special guest appearance by Melanie Klein). Can you identify who they all are? (runs 2 minutes 1 second). Posted December, 2014.

Psychoanalyzing George W. Bush. Shrink Rap Radio: A Psychology talk and Interview Show (Podcast; Show #111, September 16th, 2007). In this episode, Dr. Dave talks with Justin A. Frank, M.D., a Washington, D.C. based psychoanalyst and author of the book, Bush On The Couch: Inside The Mind Of The President. Frank analyzes Bush the man, more human than we realize, and concludes that Bush is “seriously flawed” psychologically and questions whether he should be president.

Psychology Cartoons Spice up your lectures with one of these classic single-panel cartoons of Sydney Harris. In this online collection of science cartoons you will find references to Freud, Rorschach, brain dominance, skinner, existentialism, and more.

Psychoanalysis From Both Sides of the Couch Shrink Rap Radio: A Psychology talk and Interview Show (Podcast; Show #144, March 24, 2008). In this episode, Dr. Dave talks with Fern W. Cohen, PhD, a psychoanalyst and psychotherapist in private practice in New York City. She has long been committed to conveying in everyday language what the psychoanalytic process is about and how it works. She is the author of the 2007 book,From Both Sides of The Couch: Reflections of A Psychoanalyst, Daughter, Tennis Player, and Other Selves.

Sigmund Freud: Conflict and Culture This online exhibit based on the 1999 Library of Congress exhibit features vintage photographs, prints, manuscripts and first editions. Also displayed are home movies of Freud and objects from his study and consulting room–including materials from his desk, the chair in which he sat when listening to patients, a model of his consulting couch, and pieces from his own collection of antiquities. Selected film and television clips, and materials from newspapers, magazines and comic books are interwoven throughout the exhibition to highlight the pervasive influence of psychoanalysis on popular culture. Exhibit items are drawn largely from the collections of the Library of Congress, supplemented with loans from other important holdings, especially those of the Sigmund Freud-Museum in Vienna, and the Freud Museum in London.

Sigmund Freud Museum in Vienna Berggasse 19, the Vienna home of the Freud family is now a museum and research archive. Features a chronology of Freud’s life, a summary of important themes (including the work of Anna Freud) and an on-line media library.

A Satire of Freudian Theory: Floyd Freud The Paranoid Android Not exactly meant to be taken seriously, but this video by Brian Pearcy is well-done and might serve as an interesting discussion-starter.

Sigmund Freud Photobiography In this photobiography, we will explore Freud’s life from his birth in the tiny town of Frieberg, Moravia, to his death at age 83 in London. Along the way, you will learn more about how his life and work influenced the theories and ideas that continue to influence psychology, philosophy, literature, and art.

Sigmund Freud Speaks: The Only Known Recording of His Voice, 1938 Open Culture: the best free cultural & educational media on the web, presents a link to this recording of Freud on for the BBC December 7, 1938. Includes the text of his statement, written in his own handwriting. (runs 1 minutes 57 seconds).

Sigmund Freud’s Voice Toward the end of his life, Freud was asked by the BBC to provide a brief statement about his decades-long career in psychoanalysis. He offered a succinct overview in 1938 which you can hear for yourself in his voice: I started my professional activity as a neurologist trying to bring relief to my neurotic patients. Under the influence of an older friend and by my own efforts, I discovered some important and new facts about the unconscious in psychic life, the role of instinctual urges and so on. Out of these findings grew a new science, Psycho-Analysis, a part of psychology and a new method of treatment of the neuroses. I had to pay heavily for this bit of good luck. People did not believe in my facts and thought my theories unsavoury. Resistance was strong and unrelenting. In the end I succeeded in acquiring pupils and building up an International Psycho-Analytic Association. But this struggle is not yet over. Sigmund Freud. Also available here. (2 minutes)

Anal Personality? South Korea’s Toilet Culture The Toilet Culture Park, the only one of its kind in the world, exhibits a variety of bowls from Korean traditional squat toilets to western bedpans. Check out this slide show of 11 images from the park. Posted November 23, 2012.

Transference, Countertransference, and Other Guidelines for Psychotherapy Michael Brit, former professor of psychology, produces a podcast about psychology called The Psych Files. In this episode (Episode 12) hediscuss[es] the importance of boundaries and guidelines set forth by Robert Langs, MD regarding how to know when your relationship with your therapist is healthy – and when it is not. (runs 34 minutes, and 8 seconds).

Why We Dream The BBC produced this video documentary on dreams: People who study dreaming to find out why we dream have found several potential answers: they help keep us asleep, they contribute to good mental health, and they help us find answers to questions we seek. But what do they mean, and can we control them? This excellent documentary interviews scientists, dreamers, and people with sleep and dream disorders to find out more about this always fascinating subject. (Runs 58 minutes and 24 seconds).

Sigmund and his daughter Anna Freud (1913). Sigmund en Anna by Unknown Original uploader was Vangeest at nl.wikipedia – Transferred from nl.wikipedia(Original text : Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. (http://lcweb2.loc.gov/pp/pphome.html zoekterm Anna Freud)). Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons